A SEROLOGICAL COMPARISON OF UMBELLIFERAE SUBFAMILIES

Serological techniques were employed to compare the three subfamilies Hydrocotyloideae, Saniculoideae, and Apioideae of the Umbelliferae. Data obtained from turbidimetric and double diffusion analyses of seed proteins from thirteen genera demonstrated three distinct serological groupings. These groupings correspond to the three subfamilies. The serological data indicated that one grouping (Apioideae) was more similar to Saniculoideae than to Hydrocotyloideae.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article: W. Victor Harris : Termites as Pests of Crops and Trees. R. C. Mutrhead -Thomson . Ecology of Insect Vector Popularions. H. B. Johnston : Annotated catalogue of African grasshoppers. Supplement.     

Mustard oil glucosides as feeding stimulants for Pieris brassicae larvae in a semi-synthetic diet

Nine glucosides tested as feeding stimulants for Pieris brassicae larvae were effective. The tetraacetates of three of them were not. Two of the glucosides (glucocapparin and glucoiberin) were active at 0.333×10^–5 molar in the diet and at 0.333×10^–4 molar all were effective. Usually all the larvae in a test do not feed and the increase in effectiveness with concentration, which is observed in groups, is largely brought about by a progressive increase in the number of larvae which actually feed, though with some glucosides an increase in the average frass production of the feeding larvae was found. The relative effectiveness of the glucosides as feeding stimulants changes with concentration. At a concentration of 0.333×10^–5 molar, glucocapparin gave the best result while at 0.333×10^–3 molar concentrations glucotropaeolin was most effective. Neither of these glucosides has been reported to occur in cabbage leaves.

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Senfölglukoside als frasstimulantien für pieris brassicae-raupen bei einer halbsynthetischen diät

Zusammenfassung Neun als Fraßstimulatoren für Kohlweißlingsraupen geprüfte Glukoside erwiesen sich als wirksam. Die Tetraacetate von drei von ihnen waren es nicht. Zwei der Glukoside (Glukokapparin und Glukoiberin) waren 0,333×10^–6 und 0,333×10^–4 molar in der Diät wirksam. Gewöhnlich fressen in einem Versuch nicht alle Raupen und der Anstieg der Wirksamkeit mit der Konzentration, die gruppenweise beobachtet wird, läßt sich hauptsächlich durch ein zunehmendes Anwachsen der Anzahl von Larven feststellen, die wirklich fressen, obwohl bei einigen Glukosiden ein Anwachsen der Kotproduktion der fressenden Larven gefunden wurde. Die relative Wirksamkeit der glukoside als Fraßanregungsmittel ändert sich mit der Konzentration. Bei einer molaren Konzentration von 0,333×10^–5 ergab Glukokapparin den besten Erfolg, während Glukotropaeolin bei 0,333×10^–3 molarer Konzentration am wirksamsten war. Keines dieser Glukoside ist bisher in Kohlblättern nachgewiesen.

     

Numerical solutions of the Lamm equation. II. Equilibrium sedimentation

The Lamm equation has been solved numerically for conditions corresponding to equilibrium runs for a nonlinear concentration dependence of the form s/s₀ = (1 + kc)^?1. It is shown that the approach to equilibrium is very close to being exponential (in time) as in the case k = 0. We also compare results for the nonlinear case given above with results obtained for linear c-dependence of the form s/s₀ = 1 – kc. For relatively high speeds the time required to attain equilibrium may be greatly underestimated by use of the latter approximation. Finally, we present analytic approximations for the concentration distribution at equilibrium and as a function of time.     

Rapid isolation of moderate and highly polymorphic DNA fragments mapping close to WT (Wilms' tumour) and AN2 (aniridia) on chromosome 11

Summary Genes implicated in the development of Wilms' tumour (WT) and aniridia (AN2) have been localised to a subregion of band p13 on chromosome 11 by molecular and cytogenetic characterisation of WAGR syndrome patients carrying variable constitutional deletions. Polymorphic markers for the region would be valuable for linkage analysis in the familial forms of both Wilms' tumour and aniridia, as well as for studying somatic rearrangements of chromosome 11 in a variety of tumour types. Here we describe the isolation and characterisation of three frequently polymorphic arbitrary DNA fragments that map proximal to the AN2 and WT loci.